{"id":4907,"date":"2024-10-13T19:16:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T19:16:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biofor.rs\/?p=3118"},"modified":"2026-06-04T11:35:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T09:35:35","slug":"od-zetvenih-ostataka-do-kvalitetnog-dubriva-resenje-za-plodno-zemljiste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/od-zetvenih-ostataka-do-kvalitetnog-dubriva-resenje-za-plodno-zemljiste\/","title":{"rendered":"From Crop Residues to High-Quality Fertiliser \u2013 A Solution for Fertile Soil"},"content":{"rendered":"

The concept of conventional agriculture involves intensive soil cultivation using heavy machinery, with the aim of creating conditions for precise and high-quality sowing. These practices break down soil aggregates, reducing porosity and the soil\u2019s capacity to retain water and oxygen. Biological activity and organic matter content are also reduced, which in the long term degrades soil fertility and jeopardises plant growth. Evidence of excessive soil cultivation can be seen in the large clouds of dust visible on our fields during the spring period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Intensive soil cultivation, heavy machinery, uncontrolled and excessive use of mineral fertilisers (N, P, K) without micronutrients disrupt soil structure and call into question the sustainability of agricultural production. The long-term absence of farmyard manure and other organic fertilisers, combined with the depletion of nutrients in the pursuit of high yields, causes long-term damage to the soil. Vojvodina was once characterised by fertile soils with a humus content exceeding 5% on 75% of its land area. Intensive agricultural production and reduced use of farmyard manure have led to a situation where today only 1\u20132% of the land in Vojvodina has a humus content above 5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Reliance on mineral fertilisers alone, together with the burning of crop residues, although prohibited by law, leads to a reduction in organic matter, deterioration of soil fertility, and reduced biological activity in the soil. These practices accelerate soil degradation, increase erosion, and reduce its long-term sustainability, posing a serious threat to agricultural production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Crop residues are of great importance to our fields because, through their incorporation and proper treatment, we can increase the humus content of the soil. They represent a natural fertiliser that provides all necessary nutrients, including macro- and microelements, which are essential for proper plant development and long-term soil fertility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The quantity of crop residues in field crops varies and approximately corresponds to the amount of yield removed from the field. In wheat, it ranges from 5\u20137 t\/ha; in maize, 8\u201312 t\/ha; in sunflower, 4\u20136 t\/ha; in soybean, 4\u20135 t\/ha; and in sugar beet, 40\u201360 t\/ha. In addition to the quantity of crop residues, the C ratio is also important. For wheat it is 75:1, maize 60:1, sunflower 50:1, mature farmyard manure around 20:1, and stable humus 10:1. The C ratio is important because when crop residues with a wide C ratio are incorporated into the soil, increased activity of soil microorganisms occurs. These microorganisms require large amounts of nitrogen for their activity, which may cause nitrogen depression in the field. This phenomenon is particularly visible in areas where piles of residues are present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In order for crop residues to become high-quality fertiliser for the next crop, they must be properly treated. It is essential to use combines that finely chop and evenly distribute residues across the field. If this is not possible, straw choppers or straw spreading machines can be used to ensure uniform conditions across the entire soil surface. This is the first stage in proper crop residue management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Crop residues treated with BioPlug at a rate of 5 l\/ha become a high-quality fertiliser without the risk of nitrogen depression. The treatment is carried out using tractor-mounted sprayers with a water volume of 200 l\/ha. After treatment, the residues should be mixed with the soil by disc harrowing, cultivation, or ploughing. In this way, the best conditions are achieved for the decomposition of crop residues and their conversion into high-quality fertiliser.\nBioPlug is a product whose composition and content of bacteria and fungi guarantee the proper transformation of organic matter in the soil. Thanks to the presence of the bacterium Azotobacter <\/em>the occurrence of nitrogen depression is prevented. The application of farmyard manure does not exclude the use of this product, as it directs and improves its decomposition. The application of BioPlug increases soil biogenicity and the population of earthworms, whose activity further improves conditions for the development of cultivated plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this way, we lay the foundations for the application of Biofor System\u2019s BST technology, which, through Biological Soil Treatment, brings numerous benefits \u2013 improving plant development and increasing resistance to stress conditions during the growing season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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By applying the other products that are part of the unique BST technology, together with the guidance of agronomists from Biofor System who are present in the field, we give our plants a greater chance to cope with the changing environmental conditions that we have witnessed in recent years. BST technology has proven effective in numerous trials throughout Vojvodina, Central Serbia, and neighbouring countries. It is up to us to seize the opportunity and give our soil a chance to become a quality habitat for our plants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following the application of BioPlug, autumn is the ideal time for treating wheat, barley, and oilseed rape seed with the product BioGnezdo. This product, at a rate of 0.5 litres per hectare, can be combined with insecticides and fungicides and gives the seed an initial advantage, allowing it to pass through this very sensitive stage of vegetation more quickly and successfully. BioGnezdo accelerates germination, emergence, and root system development. A strong and well-developed root system is essential for proper plant nutrition. Seed treatment with BioGnezdo represents the second step in BST technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The next product in BST technology, which can be applied as early as the autumn period and thus prepare the plant to enter winter in good condition, is Biofor Active. Biofor Active is a product that can be characterised as a biological NPK fertiliser. The active components of this product are bacteria that convert inaccessible forms of phosphorus and potassium into forms available to plants, while the necessary nitrogen is provided through the process of nitrogen fixation. In this way, complete and continuous nutrition of plants with essential elements is ensured.Biofor Active is used at a rate of 2 l\/ha on all autumn crops during the period following sowing and until the onset of low temperatures. If Biofor Active has not been applied during the autumn period, crops can be brought out of winter dormancy by applying the product in spring at the same rate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By treating crop residues with BioPlug, you improve the fertility and health of your soil, while BioGnezdo and Biofor Active will prepare your crops for the winter period and create conditions for a reliable and stable yield.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For all information, you may contact our professional advisory service on +381 69 202 3910.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Koncept konvencionalne poljoprivrede podrazumeva intenzivnu obradu zemlji\u0161ta uz upotrebu te\u0161ke mehanizacije, sa ciljem stvaranja uslova za preciznu i kvalitetnu setvu. Ove prakse razbijaju zemlji\u0161ne agregate, \u0161to smanjuje poroznost i kapaciteta za zadr\u017eavanje vode i kiseonika u zemlji\u0161tu. Tako\u0111e, smanjuje se biolo\u0161ka aktivnost i sadr\u017eaj organske materije, \u0161to dugoro\u010dno degradira plodnost zemlji\u0161ta i ugro\u017eava rast biljaka. Potvrda preterane obrade zemlji\u0161ta su veliki oblaci pra\u0161ine koji se mogu videti u prole\u0107nom periodu na na\u0161im parcelama.     Intenzivna obrada zemlji\u0161ta, te\u0161ka mehanizacija, nekontrolisana i prekomerna upotreba mineralnih \u0111ubriva (N, P, K) bez mikroelemenata naru\u0161avaju strukturu zemlji\u0161ta i dovode u pitanje odr\u017eivost poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Dugogodi\u0161nji nedostatak stajnjaka i drugih organskih \u0111ubriva, uz iscrpljivanje hranjivih materija u te\u017enji za visokim prinosima, dugoro\u010dno o\u0161te\u0107uju zemlji\u0161te. Vojvodina se nekada odlikovala plodnim zemlji\u0161tem sa sadr\u017eajem humusa preko 5% na 75% povr\u0161ina. Intenzivna poljoprivredna proizvodnja i smanjenje upotrebe stajnjaka doveli su do toga da je danas u Vojvodini na svega 1-2% zemlji\u0161ta sadr\u017eaj humusa ve\u0107i od 5%.   Oslanjanje poljoprivrede isklju\u010divo na mineralna \u0111ubriva i uz spaljivanje \u017eetvenih ostataka, iako zakonom zabranjeno, dovodi do smanjenja organske materije, naru\u0161avanja plodnosti i biolo\u0161ke aktivnosti u zemlji\u0161tu. Ove prakse ubrzavaju degradaciju zemlji\u0161ta, pove\u0107avaju eroziju i smanjuju njegovu dugoro\u010dnu odr\u017eivost, \u0161to ozbiljno ugro\u017eava poljoprivrednu proizvodnju.     \u017detveni ostaci imaju veliki zna\u010daj za na\u0161e parcele, jer njihovim zaoravanjem i pravilnim tretmanom mo\u017eemo pove\u0107ati sadr\u017eaj humusa u zemlji\u0161tu. Oni predstavljaju prirodno \u0111ubrivo koje obezbe\u0111uje sve neophodne hranljive materije, uklju\u010duju\u0107i makro i mikroelemente, koji su klju\u010dni za pravilan razvoj biljaka i dugoro\u010dnu plodnost zemlji\u0161ta. Koli\u010dina \u017eetvenih ostataka kod ratarskih kultura varira i pribli\u017eno odgovara koli\u010dini prinosa koji smo izneli sa parcele. Kod p\u0161enice iznosi od 5-7 t\/ha, kod kukuruza 8-12 t\/ha, suncokreta 4-6 t\/ha, soje 4-5 t\/ha i \u0161e\u0107erne repe 40-60 t\/ha. Pored koli\u010dine \u017eetvenih ostataka va\u017ean je i odnos C:N, koji kod p\u0161enice iznosi 75:1, kukuruza 60:1, suncokreta 50:1, zrelog stajnjaka oko 20:1 a kod trajnog humusa 10:1. Odnos C:N je va\u017ean, jer pri zaoravanju \u017eetvenih ostataka sa \u0161irokim odnosom C:N dolazi do pove\u0107ane aktivnosti zemlji\u0161nih mikroorganizama, za \u010diju je aktivnost potrebna velika koli\u010dina azota, \u0161to mo\u017ee izazvati azotnu depresiju na parcelama. Ova pojava je posebno vidljiva na mestima gde postoje gomile ostataka. Da bi \u017eetveni ostaci postali kvalitetno \u0111ubrivo za naredni usev, neophodno ih je pravilno tretirati. Klju\u010dno je koristiti kombajne koji dobro usitnjavaju i ravnomerno raspore\u0111uju ostatke po parceli. Ako to nije mogu\u0107e, mogu se koristiti seckalice ili ma\u0161ine za razbacivanje slame kako bi se osigurali ravnomerni uslovi na celoj povr\u0161ini zemlji\u0161ta. Ovo je prva faza u pravilnom upravljanju  \u017eetvenim ostacima.     \u017detveni ostaci tretirani preparatom BioPlug u koli\u010dini od 5 l\/ha, postaju kvalitetno \u0111ubrivo bez opasnosti od pojave azotne depresije. Tretman se izvodi traktorskim prskalicama sa koli\u010dinom vode od 200 l\/ha. Posle tretmana potrebno je izvr\u0161iti me\u0161anje ostataka sa zemljom i to tanjiranjem, gruberisanjem ili oranjem. Na ovaj na\u010din posti\u017eu se najbolji uslovi za procese razlaganja \u017eetvenih ostataka i njihovo pretvaranje u kvalitetno \u0111ubrivo. BioPlug je preparat koji svojim sastavom i sadr\u017eajem bakterija i gljiva garantuje pravilnu transformaciju organske materije u zemlji\u0161tu. Zahvaljuju\u0107i prisustvu bakterije Azotobacter spre\u010dava se pojava azotne depresije. Primena stajnjaka ne isklju\u010duje primenu ovog preparata, jer se na ovaj na\u010din usmerava njegova razgradnja. Primenom BioPlug preparata pove\u0107ava se biogenost zemlji\u0161ta i brojnost ki\u0161nih glista koje svojom aktivno\u0161\u0107u dodatno pobolj\u0161avaju uslove\u00a0 za razvoj gajenih biljaka. Na ovaj na\u010din postavljamo temelje za primenu BTZ tehnologije kompanije Biofor System, koja kroz biolo\u0161ki tretman zemlji\u0161ta donosi brojne prednosti – pobolj\u0161ava razvoj biljaka i pove\u0107ava njihovu otpornost na stresne uslove tokom vegetacije.     Primenom ostalih preparata koji su deo jedinstvene BTZ tehnologije, uz savet agronoma iz kompanije Biofor System koji su prisutni na terenu, dajemo ve\u0107e \u0161anse na\u0161im biljkama da se izbore sa promenjenim uslovima sredine, \u010diji smo svedoci zadnjih godina. BTZ tehnologija se pokazalaefikasnom u brojnim ogledima \u0161irom Vojvodine, Centralne Srbije i u okolnim zemljama, na nama je da iskoristimo priliku i damo \u0161ansu na\u0161em zemlji\u0161tu da postane kvalitetno stani\u0161te za na\u0161u biljku. Nakon primene preparata BioPlug, jesen je idealno vreme za tretiranje semena p\u0161enice, je\u010dma i uljane repice preparatom BioGnezdo. Ovaj preparat, u dozi od 0,5 litara po hektaru, mo\u017ee se kombinovati sa insekticidima i fungicidima, daje semenu po\u010detnu prednost da br\u017ee i kvalitetnije pro\u0111e kroz ovu veoma osetljivu fazu vegetacije. BioGnezdo ubrzava klijanje, nicanje i razvoj korenovog sistema. Sna\u017ean i dobro razvijen korenov sistem je klju\u010dno za pravilnu ishranu biljaka. Tretman semena preparatom BioGnezdo predstavlja drugi korak u BTZ tehnologiji. Slede\u0107i preparat iz BTZ tehnologije, koji se mo\u017ee primeniti ve\u0107 u jesenjem periodu i na taj na\u010din pripremiti biljku za ulazak u zimski period u dobroj kondiciji, je Biofor Active. Biofor Active je preparat koji se mo\u017ee okarakterisati kao biolo\u0161ko NPK \u0111ubrivo. Aktivne komponente ovog preparata su bakterije koje nepristupa\u010dne forme fosfora i kalijuma prevode u biljkama pristupa\u010dne forme, dok neophodan azot obezbe\u0111uju procesom azotofiksacije. Na ovaj na\u010din osigurava se kompletna i kontinuirana ishrana biljaka neophodnim elementima. Biofor Active se koristi u dozi od 2 l\/ha na svim jesenjim kulturama u periodu posle njihove setve pa sve do pojave niskih temperatura. Ukoliko Biofor Active nije primenjen u jesenjem periodu, usevi iz zimskog mirovanja mogu se izvesti primenom preparata u prole\u0107e u istoj dozi. Tretmanom \u017eetvenih ostataka BioPlugom unapre\u0111ujete plodnost i zdravlje va\u0161eg zemlji\u0161ta, dok \u0107e BioGnezdo i Biofor Active pripremiti va\u0161e useve za ulazak u zimski period i stvoriti uslove za siguran i stabilan prinos. Za sve informacije mo\u017eete pozvati na\u0161u stru\u010dnu slu\u017ebu na broj telefona 0692023910.    <\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vesti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4907"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5007,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4907\/revisions\/5007"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biofor.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}